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	<title>it's just my step</title>
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		<title>it's just my step</title>
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		<title>Daftar Stoplist Bahasa Inggris Lengkap</title>
		<link>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/08/27/daftar-stoplist-bahasa-inggris-lengkap/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2009 01:58:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nonasahla</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tugas Akhir]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[nih daftar stoplist inggris paling lengkap yang gw punya&#8230; habis dari TA gw ni&#8230;. buka link in ya&#8230; kalo mau cepet register dulu di ziddu buat ngambil stoplist.txt ini<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=canbeseen.wordpress.com&amp;blog=7306925&amp;post=55&amp;subd=canbeseen&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>nih daftar stoplist inggris paling lengkap yang gw punya&#8230; habis dari TA gw ni&#8230;.<br />
buka link in ya&#8230; kalo mau cepet register dulu di <a href="http://www.ziddu.com/register.php?referralid=(y](bCWC[D0">ziddu</a> </p>
<p>buat ngambil <a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/6226962/StoplistInggris.txt.html">stoplist.txt</a> ini</p>
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		<title>2 pack indomie all at once as breakfast</title>
		<link>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/07/26/2-pack-indomie-all-at-once-as-breakfast/</link>
		<comments>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/07/26/2-pack-indomie-all-at-once-as-breakfast/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 26 Jul 2009 03:14:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nonasahla</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[this morning, i made indomie selera pedas 2 pack in once making&#8230; uhmmm.. maybe i start to life disorganize again.. noone will concern me again everybody.. maybe, i will take permision to my blog everything i will do&#8230; someone wont i give information about me again. what a pity i am&#8230;<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=canbeseen.wordpress.com&amp;blog=7306925&amp;post=54&amp;subd=canbeseen&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>this morning, i made indomie selera pedas 2 pack in once making&#8230;</p>
<p>uhmmm.. maybe i start to life disorganize again..</p>
<p>noone will concern me again everybody..<br />
maybe, i will take permision to my blog everything i will do&#8230;</p>
<p>someone wont i give information about me again. what a pity i am&#8230;</p>
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		<title>1. Pendahuluan</title>
		<link>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/07/18/1-pendahuluan/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 18 Jul 2009 05:20:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nonasahla</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tugas Akhir]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Latar belakang masalah Suksesnya penelitian mengenai penggunaaan Algoritma Genetika(GA) untuk menemukan suatu solusi dalam Information Retrieval(IR) mendorong para ahli mencoba hal baru lagi. Sebenarnya, GA bukan hal baru lagi dalam Information Retrieval, karena sebelumnya Gordon sudah menyarankan representasi posting diterapkan sebagai kromosom, dan menggunakan algoritma ini untuk memilih indexing yang  baik. Yang et al. menyarankan [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=canbeseen.wordpress.com&amp;blog=7306925&amp;post=48&amp;subd=canbeseen&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h1>Latar belakang masalah</h1>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Suksesnya penelitian mengenai penggunaaan Algoritma Genetika(GA) untuk menemukan suatu solusi dalam Information Retrieval(IR) mendorong para ahli mencoba hal baru lagi. Sebenarnya, GA bukan hal baru lagi dalam Information Retrieval, karena sebelumnya Gordon sudah menyarankan representasi posting diterapkan sebagai kromosom, dan menggunakan algoritma ini untuk memilih <em>indexing</em> yang  baik. Yang <em>et al. </em>menyarankan penggunaan GA dalam <em>User Relevance Feedback</em> untuk memilih bobot <em>term </em>yang dicari dalam <em>query</em>. Morgan dan Kilgour menyarankan pertengahan antara <em>user</em> dan IR sistem dalam pemilihan <em>term</em> yang dicari dari <em>thesaurus</em> dan kamusnya. Boughanem et al. , Horng dan Yeh dan Vrajitoru meneliti GA untuk IR dan mereka menyarankan sebuah rekombinasi baru dan operator mutasi. Vrajitoru juga meneliti efek dari ukuran populasi dalam kemampuan pembelajarannya dan menyimpulkan ukuran populasi sangat penting[1]. Dan untuk penelitian ini, penulis mengadopsi penggunaan GA untuk <em>User Relevance Feedback </em>tidak murni untuk menghasilkan <em>keyword</em> solusi yang akan digunakan dalam IR.</p>
<p>Information Retrieval adalah sistem yang digunakan untuk menyimpan suatu informasi yang mana dibutuhkan untuk diindex, dicari dan diambil berdasarkan <em>query</em> yang dibutuhkan <em>user.</em> <em>Query</em> dan dokumen akan dilakukan proses indexing dan kemudian dimatching(dicari kemiripannya). Query dan dokumen akan dimodelkan ke IR dengan pendekatan <em>vector space model(vsm)</em>. Dalam vsm dokumen akan dipandang sebagai vector dalam ruang n dimensi disertai dengan bobotnya, dimana n adalah term berbeda yang merupakan konten dari dokumen koleksi. Query juga demikian, sehingga akan bisa diukur tingkat kemiripannya, dan  akan bisa diketahui rangking dari hasil pencarian berdasarkan perhitungan vsm.  Kebanyakan sistem IR menggunakan sebuah atau beberapa <em>keyword</em> untuk mengambil dokumen yang berhubungan. <em>Keyword </em>tersebut akan dicocokan ke dalam dokumen koleksi dan kemudian mengambil dokumen hasil pencocokan dan dilakukan perankingan.</p>
<p>GA adalah algoritma probabilitas yang mensimulasikan mekanisme seleksi alam dari kehidupan organisme dan biasanya digunakan menyelesaikan masalah yang mempunyai solusi yang mahal[1]. Sebuah <em>keyword </em>dalam IR<em> </em>direpresentasikan sebagai sebuah gen, dokumen sebagai individu dan kumpulan dokumen yang dianggap relevan direpresentasikan sebagai populasi awal dalam Algoritma Genetika. Fungsi <em>fitness</em> dalam Algortima Genetika digunakan sebagai fungsi evaluasi dalam pemilihan dokumen yang relevan terhadap keyword. Untuk meneliti pengaruh dari beberapa fungsi <em>fitness </em>terhadap hasil pencarian<em>, </em>maka penelitian terhadap metode Cosine, Dice, Overlap dilakukan dalam Tugas Akhir ini. Pemilihan model kromosom menggunakan representasi binary yang dikonversikan ke representasi real.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Hasil proses <em>matching</em> antara query dan dokumen akan didapatkan dokumen training. Dokumen training yang diambil sebanyak 15 dokumen, yang kemudian digunakan untuk  proses  GA. Hasil proses GA akan didapatkan kromosom terbaik yang terdiri dari <em>keyword-keyword </em>solusi untuk digunakan lagi dalam IR. Hasil matching kedua, kemudian dokumen tersebut di-<em>retrieve</em>. Untuk memberikan dokumen secara terurut kepada <em>user, </em>maka <em>dokumen retrieval </em>hasil pencarian tersebut diurutkan menurut tingkat kemiripannya, disebut juga sebagai <em>rank document retrieval</em>. Penggunaan fungsi fitness yang berbeda-beda pada Algoritma Genetika ditujukan untuk mempermudah user mencari dokumen yang relevan. Dengan adanya tingkat kemiripan dokumen yang berbeda-beda hasil implementasi dari ketiga fungsi fitness, maka user bisa memilih sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Pengujian dokumen retrieval menggunakan Recall. Precision, dan non-IAP (non <em>Interpolated Average Precision</em>). Pada Tugas Akhir ini, sistem yang dibangun oleh penulis diberi nama FreeGeneticSystem. FreeGeneticSystem berbasis web, dengan maksud kemudahan di kemudian hari jika menginginkan diimplementasikan sistem secara <em>online.</em></p>
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		<title>Bab 3 Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem</title>
		<link>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/07/18/bab-3-analisis-dan-perancangan-sistem/</link>
		<comments>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/07/18/bab-3-analisis-dan-perancangan-sistem/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 18 Jul 2009 05:13:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nonasahla</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Tugas Akhir]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[3. Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem 1.1            Analisis Kebutuhan Sistem Penentuan kata kunci untuk relevan feedback sangat mempengaruhi berapa bagus kata tersebut akan menghasilkan hasil yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan user. Metode relevan feedback dengan Algoritma Genetika merupakan metode query optimation yang bagus untuk meningkatkan efektivitas sistem. Hasil pemrosesan Algoritma Genetika akan menghasilkan kata kunci-kata kunci yang [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=canbeseen.wordpress.com&amp;blog=7306925&amp;post=43&amp;subd=canbeseen&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h1 style="text-align:justify;">3. Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem</h1>
<h2 style="text-align:justify;">1.1            Analisis Kebutuhan Sistem</h2>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Penentuan kata kunci untuk <em>relevan feedback</em> sangat mempengaruhi berapa bagus kata tersebut akan menghasilkan hasil yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan <em>user.</em> Metode <em>relevan feedback</em> dengan Algoritma Genetika merupakan metode <em>query optimation </em>yang bagus untuk meningkatkan efektivitas sistem. Hasil pemrosesan Algoritma Genetika akan menghasilkan kata kunci-kata kunci yang dianggap penting sesuai dengan bobot yang dimilikinya, dan kata kunci tersebut untuk kemudian digunakan untuk pencocokan dengan dokumen koleksi yang ada dalam database. Pemilihan fungsi <em>fitness </em>yang sesuai akan mempengaruhi bagaimana sistem mendapatkan query<em> </em>hasil<em> </em>yang optimal untuk digunakan dalam <em>relevan feedback.</em> Fungsi fitness yang digunakan dalam sistem adalah fungsi <em>cosine</em>, <em>dice</em> dan <em>Overlap</em>.</p>
<h2 style="text-align:justify;">3.2   Gambaran Umum Sistem</h2>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Gambar 3‑1 : Gambaran umum sistem</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Dalam prosesnya, system akan  mendapatkan masukan dari pengguna berupa <em>query</em> atau informasi kebutuhan pengguna, kemudian system akan mengeluarkan dokumen-dokumen yang dianggap relevan. Dokumen-dokumen keluaran yang digunakan dalam system ini adalah dokumen koleksi uji yang cukup terkenal dan sering digunakan para peneliti di bidang <em>Information Retrieval System. </em>Dokumen uji berasal dari <strong>Medline</strong> (M<em>edical Online</em>) yang dapat didownload dari situs <a href="http://www.filewatcher.com/b/ftp/ftp.cs.cornell.edu/pub/smart.0.0.html">http://www.filewatcher.com/b/ftp/ftp.cs.cornell.edu/pub/smart.0.0.html</a>. Koleksi dokumen uji ini terdiri dari 30 query uji, 1. 140 dokumen dan 12. 368 daftar term hasil <em>preprocessing</em>.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Untuk membuat agar system lebih general digunakan dalam pencarian, maka <em>query</em> masukan bisa berasal dari <em>query uji </em>dan <em>query</em> bebas masukan <em>user. </em>Perbedaan antara query uji dan query bebas dari user adalah pada <em>query uji</em> bisa dihitung kualitas dari system dengan perhitungan nilai efektivitas hasil pencarian, tetapi untuk query bebas dari user, tidak bisa dihitung nilai efektifitasnya dikarenakan tidak adanya <em>document relevan judgement.</em> <em>Document relevan judgement</em> adalah dokumen yang dianggap relevan oleh pembuat koleksi dokumen uji oleh para ahli dari suatu <em>query</em> tertentu.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Gambaran mengenai dokumen uji ditunjukkan oleh tabel 3-1</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">tabel 3‑1 : Dokumen uji Medline</p>
<table style="text-align:justify;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="543" valign="top">.I 1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="543" valign="top">.W</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="543" valign="top">correlation   between maternal and fetal plasma levels of glucose and free</p>
<p>fatty   acids .</p>
<p>correlation coefficients have been   determined between the levels of</p>
<p>glucose   and ffa in maternal and fetal plasma collected at delivery .</p>
<p>significant   correlations were obtained between the maternal and fetal</p>
<p>glucose   levels and the maternal and fetal ffa levels . from the size of</p>
<p>the   correlation coefficients and the slopes of regression lines it</p>
<p>appears   that the fetal plasma glucose level at delivery is very strongly</p>
<p>dependent   upon the maternal level whereas the fetal ffa level at</p>
<p>delivery is only slightly dependent upon the   maternal level .</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Contoh query yang digunakan untuk menguji efektivitas sistem ditunjukkan oleh tabel 3-2</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Table 3‑2 : Query uji Medline<strong> </strong></p>
<table style="text-align:justify;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="543" valign="top">.I 1</p>
<p>.W</p>
<p>ventricular septal defect   occurring in association with aortic</p>
<p>regurgitation.<strong> </strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="543" valign="top">.I 2</p>
<p>.W</p>
<p>the relationship of blood and cerebrospinal   fluid oxygen concentrations</p>
<p>or partial pressures.  a method of interest is polarography.<strong> </strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="543" valign="top">.I 3</p>
<p>.W</p>
<p>electron microscopy of lung or bronchi.<strong> </strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Keterangan yang menjelaskan format dari dokumen dan query uji pada table 3-3 dibawah ini</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Table  3‑3 : Keterangan format dokumen dan query uji</p>
<table style="text-align:justify;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="109" valign="top"><strong>field</strong></td>
<td width="434" valign="top">keterangan</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="109" valign="top">.I 1<strong> </strong></td>
<td width="434" valign="top">Format yang menandakan item ke -1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="109" valign="top">.W<strong> </strong></td>
<td width="434" valign="top">Format  yang menandakan setelah   itu adalah content</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="109" valign="top"><em>content</em></td>
<td width="434" valign="top">Isi dari dokumen</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 style="text-align:justify;">3.2.1 Antar Muka Aplikasi</h3>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Antarmuka produk dengan perangkat keras adalah sebagai berikut :</p>
<ol style="text-align:justify;">
<li>Sistem menerima input dari mouse dan keyboard</li>
</ol>
<ol style="text-align:justify;">
<li>Informasi yang dihasilkan akan      ditampilkan ke layar monitor melalui VGA card.</li>
</ol>
<h3 style="text-align:justify;">3.2.2 Antar Muka Pengguna</h3>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Format output yang diterima pengguna dari system dapat diakses dengan web browser.</p>
<h3 style="text-align:justify;">3.2.3 Antar Muka Sistem</h3>
<p style="text-align:justify;">3.2.3.1  Sisi Server</p>
<ul style="text-align:justify;">
<li>System Operasi Windows XP/2000</li>
<li>Basis data MySQL 5.0.33</li>
<li>Bahasa pemrograman PHP 5.2.1</li>
</ul>
<p style="text-align:justify;">3.2.3.2  Sisi Client</p>
<ul style="text-align:justify;">
<li>Sistem Operasi Windows/2000</li>
<li>Aplikasi dengan Web Browser</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="text-align:justify;">3.3     Preprocessing</h2>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Sebelum memasuki proses pencocokan antara <em>query </em>dan dokumen, seluruh dokumen uji  mengalami tahap preprocessing. Pada tahap ini, dokumen uji Medline akan mengalami  tahap-tahap yaitu <em>word token, stop removal, stemming </em>dan<em> term weighting</em>. Mekanisme jalannya indexing dapat dilihat pada gambar 3-2.</p>
<h3 style="text-align:justify;">3.3.1 Word Token</h3>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Pada proses pembentukan kata kunci suatu dokumen, setiap content dalam dokumen akan dipecah menjadi token-token yang berbentuk kata tunggal. Dalam word Token, akan dihilangkan seluruh karakter bukan kata yang ada dalam content dokumen. Dari contoh dokumen koleksi yang ada di tabel 3-1, maka hasil word token sebagian dari keseluruhan ditunjukan pada tabel 3-4</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Table 3‑4 : Word Token</p>
<table style="text-align:justify;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="543" valign="top"><strong>Hasil word Token</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="543" valign="top">array token:Array</p>
<p>(</p>
<p>[0] =&gt; Title</p>
<p>[1]   =&gt; Document</p>
<p>[2] =&gt; 1Content</p>
<p>[3] =&gt; br</p>
<p>[4] =&gt; correlation</p>
<p>[5] =&gt; between</p>
<p>[6] =&gt; maternal</p>
<p>[7] =&gt; and</p>
<p>[8] =&gt; fetal</p>
<p>[9] =&gt; plasma</p>
<p>[10] =&gt; levels</p>
<p>[11] =&gt; of</p>
<p>[12] =&gt; glucose</p>
<p>[13] =&gt; and</p>
<p>[14] =&gt; free</p>
<p>[15] =&gt; br</p>
<p>)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Gambar 3‑2 : Preprocessing</p>
<h3 style="text-align:justify;">3.3.2 Stop Removal</h3>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Kata atau term yang sering muncul dalam setiap dokumen maupun dokumen koleksi akan dianggap sebagai kata umum (<em>stoplist</em>). Kata umum tersebut jika tetap digunakan untuk proses selanjutnya, maka akan menurunkan bobot setiap term yang lebih penting dan efektivitas dari system pada saat pencocokan juga akan menurun. Untuk beberapa kasus, kata umum tidak harus dihilangkan, misalnya jika digunakan untuk system yang bertujuan digunakan pengguna awam. Tetapi untuk system ini, penulis memilih untuk menghilangkan kata umum karena dokumen koleksi yang digunakan mempunyai kecederungan query uji yang relative tidak menggunakan kata umum yang dimaksud. Daftar stoplist yang digunakan dalam system  ini berasal dari situs yang sama dengan dokumen koleksi yang sudah disebutkan diatas. Daftar stoplist yang berasal dari situs tersebut sejumlah 571 kata. Daftar stoplist akan ditampilkan pada lembar lampiran.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Hasil proses stop removal ditunjukan pada tabel 3-5 beserta perbedaannya sebelum dan sesudahnya.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Table  3‑5 :perbedaan term setelah dan sesudah stop removal</p>
<table style="text-align:justify;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="272" valign="top">Array   pre word removal</td>
<td width="272" valign="top">Array   pasca word removal</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="272" valign="top">array token:Array</p>
<p>(</p>
<p>[0] =&gt; Title</p>
<p>[1] =&gt; Document</p>
<p>[2] =&gt; Content</p>
<p>[3] =&gt; br</p>
<p>[4] =&gt; correlation</p>
<p>[5] =&gt; between</p>
<p>[6] =&gt; maternal</p>
<p>[7] =&gt; and</p>
<p>[8] =&gt; fetal</p>
<p>[9] =&gt; plasma</p>
<p>[10] =&gt; levels</p>
<p>[11] =&gt; of</p>
<p>[12] =&gt; glucose</p>
<p>[13] =&gt; and</p>
<p>[14] =&gt; free</p>
<p>[15] =&gt; br</p>
<p>)</td>
<td width="272" valign="top">
<pre>array Stoplist:Array
(
    [0] =&gt; Title
    [1] =&gt; Document
    [2] =&gt; Content
    [3] =&gt;
    [4] =&gt; correlation
    [5] =&gt;
    [6] =&gt; maternal
    [7] =&gt;
    [8] =&gt; fetal
    [9] =&gt; plasma
    [10] =&gt; levels
    [11] =&gt;
    [12] =&gt; glucose
    [13] =&gt;
    [14] =&gt; free
    [15] =&gt;</pre>
<p>)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="text-align:justify;">
<h3 style="text-align:justify;">3.3.3 Stemming</h3>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Algoritma Stemming yang digunakan untuk mengubah kata bentukan menjadi kata dasar bahasa Inggris dalam system menggunakan Algoritma Porter. Pemilihan algoritma Porter mempunyai alasan algoritma porter cukup terkenal dan sering digunakan dalam pembuatan system yang serupa. Porter sudah banyak yang menggunakan dan merupakan algoritma yang <em>opensource</em> serta porter tidak menggunakan kamus dalam prosesnya, sehingga waktu yang dihemat bisa digunakan untuk proses yang lain. Hasil proses stemming ditunjukan pada tabel 3-6 beserta perbedaannya sebelum dan sesudahnya.</p>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Table 3‑6 :perbedaan term setelah dan sesudah proses Stemming</p>
<table style="text-align:justify;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="272" valign="top">Array   pre stemming</td>
<td width="272" valign="top">Array   pasca stemming</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="272" valign="top">
<pre>array Stemming:Array
(    
    [19] =&gt; correlation
    [20] =&gt; coefficients
    [21] =&gt;
    [22] =&gt;
    [23] =&gt; determined
    [24] =&gt;
    [25] =&gt;
    [26] =&gt; levels
    [27] =&gt;
    [28] =&gt;
    [29] =&gt; glucose
    [30] =&gt;
    [31] =&gt; ffa
    [32] =&gt;
    [33] =&gt; maternal
    [34] =&gt;
    [35] =&gt; fetal
    [36] =&gt; plasma
    [37] =&gt; collected</pre>
<p>)</td>
<td width="272" valign="top">
<pre>array Stemming:Array
(  
    [19] =&gt; correl
    [20] =&gt; coeffici
    [21] =&gt;
    [22] =&gt;
    [23] =&gt; determin
    [24] =&gt;
    [25] =&gt;
    [26] =&gt; level
    [27] =&gt;
    [28] =&gt;
    [29] =&gt; glucose
    [30] =&gt;
    [31] =&gt; ffa
    [32] =&gt;
    [33] =&gt; matern
    [34] =&gt;
    [35] =&gt; fetal
    [36] =&gt; plasma
    [37] =&gt; collect</pre>
<p>)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Gambar 3-3 adalah mekanisme algoritma <em>Stemming</em> Porter yang mempunyai 4 aturan dari segi penghilangan imbuhan dan menjadikan menjadi kata dasar.</p>
<table style="text-align:justify;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="547">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="547" valign="top">
<p align="center">
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="text-align:justify;">Gambar 3‑3 : mekanisme algoritma Porter</p>
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		<title>Algoritma Genetika</title>
		<link>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/07/18/algoritma-genetika/</link>
		<comments>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/07/18/algoritma-genetika/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 18 Jul 2009 05:04:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nonasahla</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[learning]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/07/18/algoritma-genetika/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[weu&#8230; tugas akhir ternyata menyenangkan lho teman. tiap hari kita belajar da nbelajar tak kenal lelah, dan kalo udah kekejar ama deadline, wah waktu buat pipis aja ditahan2 biar semuanya. anyway&#8230; TA gw tentang Information Retrieval dengan Algoritma, memang, udah banyak yang buat, tapi di luarnegeri sana.. jadi ga di Indonesia.. oleh karena itu klo [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=canbeseen.wordpress.com&amp;blog=7306925&amp;post=42&amp;subd=canbeseen&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>weu&#8230; tugas akhir ternyata menyenangkan lho teman. tiap hari kita belajar da nbelajar tak kenal lelah, dan kalo udah kekejar ama deadline, wah waktu buat pipis aja ditahan2 biar semuanya.</p>
<p>anyway&#8230; TA gw tentang Information Retrieval dengan Algoritma, memang, udah banyak yang buat,  tapi di luarnegeri sana.. jadi ga di Indonesia..</p>
<p>oleh karena itu klo ada yg  bingung, kan gw tinggal sok tau.. begitu, masa2 menjalani TA adalah waktu yg sangat dahsyat&#8230; inilah kuliah selama 4 tahun dipertaruhkan. makanya kerjain tugas akhir dengan bener, karena wisuda oktober akan segera datang dan gw jadi pesertanya. amien&#8230;.</p>
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		<title>A performance evaluation of similarity measures, document term weighting schemes and representations in a Boolean environment Terry Noreault, Michael McGill and Matthew B. Koli</title>
		<link>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/06/28/a-performance-evaluation-of-similarity-measures-document-term-weighting-schemes-and-representations-in-a-boolean-environment-terry-noreault-michael-mcgill-and-matthew-b-koli/</link>
		<comments>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/06/28/a-performance-evaluation-of-similarity-measures-document-term-weighting-schemes-and-representations-in-a-boolean-environment-terry-noreault-michael-mcgill-and-matthew-b-koli/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 28 Jun 2009 22:55:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nonasahla</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[learning]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[5.1 Introduction This chapter reports on the results of a study of the effectiveness of ranking algorithms. Also reported here will be some unexpected findings relating to the performance of document representations and searcher differences. These findings are a by-product of the evaluation of the ranking algorithm. The goal of the study was to evaluate [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=canbeseen.wordpress.com&amp;blog=7306925&amp;post=37&amp;subd=canbeseen&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>5.1 Introduction<br />
This chapter reports on the results of a study of the effectiveness of ranking<br />
algorithms. Also reported here will be some unexpected findings relating to the<br />
performance of document representations and searcher differences. These<br />
findings are a by-product of the evaluation of the ranking algorithm.<br />
The goal of the study was to evaluate ranking algorithms so that<br />
generalisations about their effectiveness could be made. Many different<br />
ranking algorithms have been suggested (Sager and Lockemann, 1976).<br />
Evaluation of the effectiveness of these algorithms has been conducted under<br />
differing experimental conditions. These differences in the evaluation conditions<br />
have made comparisons of ranking algorithms uncertain. This study<br />
evaluated the effectiveness of the ranking algorithms using a single database,<br />
common user population, and common sets of queries and relevance<br />
judgements. This approach allowed the relative effectiveness of the ranking<br />
algorithms to be determined. It is felt, but does need further examination, that<br />
while the absolute effectiveness of any ranking algorithms may vary with the<br />
environment, the relative effectiveness of the ranking algorithms will be<br />
invariant.</p>
<p>sama kalo mau paper ini langsung leave komen, then kirim pesan ke email saya</p>
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		<title>A GA-based query optimization method for web information retrieval</title>
		<link>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/06/28/a-ga-based-query-optimization-method-for-web-information-retrieval/</link>
		<comments>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/06/28/a-ga-based-query-optimization-method-for-web-information-retrieval/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 28 Jun 2009 22:54:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nonasahla</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[learning]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[By a different use of relevance feedback (the order in which the relevant documents are retrieved, the terms of the relevant documents, and the terms of the irrelevant documents) in the design of fitness function, and by introducing three different genetic operators, we have developed a new genetic algorithm-based query optimization method on relevance feedback [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=canbeseen.wordpress.com&amp;blog=7306925&amp;post=36&amp;subd=canbeseen&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>By a different use of relevance feedback (the order in which the relevant documents are retrieved, the terms of the relevant documents, and the terms of the irrelevant documents) in the design of fitness function, and by introducing three different genetic operators, we have developed a new genetic algorithm-based query optimization method on relevance feedback for Web information retrieval. Based on three benchmark test collections Cranfield, Medline and CACM, experiments have been carried out to compare our method with three well-known query optimization methods on relevance feedback: the traditional Ide Dec-hi method, the Horng and Yeh’s GA-based method and the Lo´pez-Pujalte et al.’s GA-based method. The experiments show that our method can achieve better results.  2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p>
<p>nah kalau ada yang mau paper ini, silakan kasi komen terus kirim pesan ke email sya ya&#8230;</p>
<p>sahla_space@yahoo.com</p>
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			<media:title type="html">nonasahla</media:title>
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		<title>Paper-paper gw</title>
		<link>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/06/15/paper-paper-gw/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2009 11:50:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nonasahla</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[learning]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Analyzing PCA-based Face Recognition Algorithms: Eigenvector Selection and Distance Measures Abstract This study examines the role of Eigenvector selection and Eigenspace distance measures on PCA-based face recognition systems. In particular, it builds on earlier results from the FERET face recognition evaluation studies, which created a large face database (1,196 subjects) and a baseline face recognition [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=canbeseen.wordpress.com&amp;blog=7306925&amp;post=33&amp;subd=canbeseen&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align:center;"><strong>Analyzing PCA-based Face Recognition Algorithms: Eigenvector<br />
Selection and Distance Measures</strong></p>
<p style="text-align:left;">Abstract<br />
This study examines the role of Eigenvector selection and Eigenspace distance measures on PCA-based face<br />
recognition systems. In particular, it builds on earlier results from the FERET face recognition evaluation studies,<br />
which created a large face database (1,196 subjects) and a baseline face recognition system for comparative evaluations.<br />
This study looks at using a combinations of traditional distance measures (City-block, Euclidean, Angle,<br />
Mahalanobis) in Eigenspace to improve performance in the matching stage of face recognition. A statistically significant<br />
improvement is observed for the Mahalanobis distance alone when compared to the other three alone. However,<br />
no combinations of these measures appear to perform better than Mahalanobis alone. This study also examines<br />
questions of how many Eigenvectors to select and according to what ordering criterion. It compares variations in<br />
performance due to different distance measures and numbers of Eigenvectors. Ordering Eigenvectors according to a<br />
like-image difference value rather than their Eigenvalues is also considered.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">
<p style="text-align:center;"><strong>Face processing and detection<br />
using Artificial Neural Networks<br />
and Image Processing</strong></p>
<p style="text-align:left;">Outline<br />
1. &#8211; Introduction to neural networks<br />
Neural networks learning<br />
Perceptron and Adaline networks<br />
5. &#8211; Autoassociative memory<br />
Principal Components Analysis<br />
Wavelet Transform and Face recognition<br />
9. &#8211; Multi-Layer Perceptron<br />
Back-Propagation learning rule<br />
Face identification<br />
12. &#8211; Radial Basis Function neural network<br />
Unsupervised training technique<br />
Face detection and identification in video sequences</p>
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		<title>PCA-BASED FACE RECOGNITION IN INFRARED IMAGERY: BASELINE AND COMPARATIVE STUDIES</title>
		<link>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/06/15/pca-based-face-recognition-in-infrared-imagery-baseline-and-comparative-studies/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2009 11:47:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nonasahla</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[learning]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Face recognition from images is a sub-area of the general object recognition prob- lem. Identifying an individual from his or her face is one of the most nonintrusive modalities in biometrics. It is of particular interest in a wide variety of applications. PCA is a technique commonly used in dimensionality reduction in computer vi- sion [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=canbeseen.wordpress.com&amp;blog=7306925&amp;post=31&amp;subd=canbeseen&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Face recognition from images is a sub-area of the general object recognition prob-<br />
lem. Identifying an individual from his or her face is one of the most nonintrusive<br />
modalities in biometrics. It is of particular interest in a wide variety of applications.<br />
PCA is a technique commonly used in dimensionality reduction in computer vi-<br />
sion and particularly in face recognition. PCA techniques, also known as Karhunen-<br />
Loeve methods, choose a linear projection that reduces the dimensionality while<br />
maximizing the scatter of all projected samples.<br />
Although the current face recognition systems have achieved good results for<br />
faces that are taken in a controlled environment, they perform poorly in uncontrolled<br />
situations. It appears evident that breakthrough solutions to tough computer vision<br />
problems can probably be found by looking beyond the visual modality.<br />
Infrared imagery is an intriguing sensing modality for face recognition systems.<br />
It may oer better performance than other modalities due to its robustness to en-<br />
vironmental eects and possibly to deliberate attempts to obscure identity.<br />
Towards this end, this thesis presents a study of the performance of a baseline<br />
algorithm, principal component analysis, in infrared imagery. The impact of illumi-<br />
nation change, facial expression change and short and medium term change in face<br />
appearance on recognition performance in infrared imagery are explored through<br />
Xin Chen<br />
the experiments; we also present an initial comparative study employing infrared<br />
and visible-light imagery.</p>
<p>mau dokumen ini, komen ya, ntar sy kirimkan&#8230; makasi</p>
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			<media:title type="html">nonasahla</media:title>
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		<title>LOPHOSCOPIC PCA: A NOVEL METHOD FOR FACE RECOGNITION1</title>
		<link>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/06/15/lophoscopic-pca-a-novel-method-for-face-recognition1/</link>
		<comments>http://canbeseen.wordpress.com/2009/06/15/lophoscopic-pca-a-novel-method-for-face-recognition1/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2009 11:41:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nonasahla</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[learning]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[ABSTRACT In this paper, a new technique called Lophoscopic PCA is developed for recognition of partially occluded faces and faces with strong facial expression variations. As opposed to the PCA or the Eigenfeatures approaches, this method does not try to solve the face recognition problem neither from a holistic, nor a feature perspective; in fact [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=canbeseen.wordpress.com&amp;blog=7306925&amp;post=27&amp;subd=canbeseen&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>ABSTRACT<br />
In this paper, a new technique called Lophoscopic PCA is<br />
developed for recognition of partially occluded faces and<br />
faces with strong facial expression variations. As opposed<br />
to the PCA or the Eigenfeatures approaches, this method<br />
does not try to solve the face recognition problem neither<br />
from a holistic, nor a feature perspective; in fact it studies<br />
the problem from a near or pseudo-holistic perspective.<br />
The main idea is to “eliminate” some features which may<br />
cause a reduction of the recognition accuracy under<br />
special conditions (facial expression variations or<br />
appearance of disguises). To test and evaluate the<br />
performance of the new technique, a series of experiments<br />
are carried out on the UPC face database. The<br />
experimental results have shown that using Lophoscopic<br />
PCA the recognition accuracy can increase in<br />
comparison with the classical PCA method and be more<br />
robust against exaggerated changes in the facial<br />
expression or the appearance of objects like sun glasses.</p>
<p>hai semua&#8230; sy ini berbagi paper yang sudah sy anggap belum terlalu berguna ya&#8230; nah.. kalau ada yg mau ini paper, sy bisa kirim ke email anda&#8230; untuk keterangan lebih lanjut silakan untuk komen di bawah ya..</p>
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